Applications of titanium alloys in orthopedics: Master the core knowledge in one article
Titanium exists in two crystalline forms. At room temperature, non-alloy (commercially pure) titanium has a hexagonal close-packed structure (hcp), known as the α phase. When pure titanium reaches a temperature of 885°C (known as the β transverse temperature of titanium), the crystal structure transforms into a cubic structure (bcc), known as the β phase. The properties of titanium alloys depend primarily on the arrangement, volume fraction, and individual properties of the α and β phases.
Titanium alloy plates are increasingly used in orthopedic internal fixation materials. Compared to stainless steel, they offer significant advantages, including the ability to perform postoperative MRI scans, and exhibit unique strengths in other aspects. Titanium alloys, with their excellent chemical stability, good biocompatibility, high strength, and lightweight properties, have become the preferred standard for implantable materials in the human body. We will now delve into the specific characteristics and classifications of titanium alloys.
Titanium alloys are metallic materials composed of titanium and other chemical elements. These alloys possess extremely high tensile strength and toughness, remaining stable even under extreme temperature conditions. Their lightweight design, excellent corrosion resistance, and ability to withstand extreme temperatures make them highly favored in the medical field. Titanium has a high affinity for oxygen atoms; at room temperature in atmospheric conditions, a dense oxide layer (TiO2) naturally forms on the surface of titanium alloys. This protective film is key to their excellent corrosion resistance.
Titanium alloys are classified based on their crystal structure. At room temperature, non-alloy (commercially pure) titanium exhibits a close-packed hexagonal structure (hcp), called the α phase; when the temperature rises to 885°C (the β phase transformation temperature of titanium), the crystal structure transforms into a cubic structure (bcc), called the β phase. The properties of titanium alloys mainly depend on the arrangement and volume ratio of the α and β phases, as well as their respective physical properties.
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